加权空-谱联合保持嵌入的高光谱遥感影像降维方法     

黄鸿  石光耀  段宇乐  张丽梅 《测绘学报》2019,48(8):1014-1024

高光谱遥感影像数据量大、波段数多，容易导致"维数灾难"。传统流形学习方法一般仅考虑其光谱特征，忽略了空间信息。为此提出一种非监督的基于加权空-谱联合保持嵌入（WSCPE）的维数约简算法。首先采用加权均值滤波（WMF）方法对高光谱影像进行滤波，以消除噪点和背景点的干扰。然后根据遥感影像地物分布的空间一致性，通过采用加权空-谱联合距离（WSCD）来融合像素点的光谱信息和空间信息，有效选取各像素点的空-谱近邻，并根据像素点与其空-谱近邻点之间的坐标距离来有区别的利用其近邻点进行流形重构，提取低维鉴别特征进行地物分类。在PaviaU和Indian Pines数据集上的分类结果表明，总体分类精度分别达到了98.89%和95.47%。该方法在反映影像内部流形结构的同时，有效融合了影像的空间-光谱信息，故能提高影像特征的鉴别性，并提升分类性能。  相似文献   

Extraction of Lithium from Salt Lake Brine using N523-TBP Mixture System   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

SHI Dong  LI Li-juan  LI Jin-feng  JI Lian-min  SONG Fu-gen  PENG Xiao-wu  ZHANG Li-cheng  ZHANG Yu-ze  LI Hui-fang  SONG Xue-xue  NIE Feng  ZENG Zhong-min  LIU Zhi-qi  GUO Fan 《盐湖研究》2019,27(2):95-110

In this work,problems encountered by tri-butyl phosphate( TBP) in the industrialization of lithium extraction from salt lake brine were discussed in detail. The behavior of N,N-bi-( 2-ethylhexyl) acetamide( N523) during lithium extraction was investigated,and its disadvantages were analyzed in the view of practical application. An N523-TBP mixture extraction system was proposed to alleviate or avoid the defects that N523 and TBP met when they were used separately. The optimal composition of this mixture extraction system was determined to be 20% N523-30% TBP-50% kerosene.The effects of brine acidity,Fe/Li molarity ratio,phase ratio and chloride ion concentration on lithium extraction efficiency were discussed. The operation conditions in single-stage extraction were optimized as brine acidity = 0. 05 mol/L,Fe/Li molarity ratio = 1. 3,and phase ratio = 2. The high concentration of chloride ions in brine was beneficial for the extraction of lithium. The structure of the extracted complex was proposed as( LiFeCl_4·n N523·m TBP)·( 2-n) N523·( 2-m) TBP( m + n = 2) by chemical analysis and slope-fitting methods. The extraction thermodynamic functions were calculated preliminarily,and the results suggested that the extraction process was an exothermic( ΔH 0) and spontaneous( ΔG 0) reaction,and the degree of disorder increased( ΔS 0) during the extraction process. This work will give some guidance to the lithium industry of Qinghai in both the fundamental theory and practical application.  相似文献   

Impacts of SIS and CICE as Sea Ice Components in BCC_CSM on the Simulation of the Arctic Climate     

CHU Min  SHI Xueli  FANG Yongjie  ZHANG Lujun  WU Tongwen  ZHOU Bing 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(3)

Sea ice is a sensitive indicator of climate change and an important component of climate system models. The Los Alamos Sea Ice Model 5.0(CICE5.0) was introduced to the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model(BCC_CSM) as a new alternative to the Sea Ice Simulator(SIS). The principal purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts of these two sea ice components on simulations of basic Arctic sea ice, atmosphere, and ocean states. Two sets of experiments were conducted with the same configurations except for the sea ice component used, i.e., SIS and CICE. The distributions of sea ice concentration and thickness reproduced by the CICE simulations in both March and September were closer to actual observations than those reproduced by SIS simulations, which presented a very thin sea ice cover in September. Changes in sea ice conditions also brought about corresponding modifications to the atmosphere and ocean circulation. CICE simulations showed higher agreement with the reference datasets than did SIS simulations for surface air temperature, sea level pressure, and sea surface temperature in most parts of the Arctic Ocean. More importantly, compared with simulations with SIS, BCC_CSM with CICE revealed stronger Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC), which is more consistent with actual observations. Thus, CICE shows better performance than SIS in BCC_ CSM. However, both components demonstrate a number of common weaknesses, such as overestimation of the sea ice cover in winter, especially in the Nordic Sea and the Sea of Okhotsk. Additional studies and improvements are necessary to develop these components further.  相似文献   

大弹涂鱼(Boleophthalmus pectinirostris) Gal-8L基因序列及其细菌凝集活性的鉴定     

梁亚芳  史雨红  苗亮  陈炯 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(2):413-421

半乳糖凝集素-8基因(galectin-8,Gal-8)属于凝集素家族一员。已知Gal-8在哺乳动物的先天免疫中发挥重要作用,然而在鱼类中却鲜有报道。本研究通过转录组测序获得大弹涂鱼(Boleophthalmus pectinirostris)半乳糖凝集素-8样基因(galectin-8 like,Bp Gal-8L)c DNA序列。首先确定其序列特征,其次采用实时定量PCR(real-time quantitative PCR,q PCR)的方法鉴定Bp Gal-8L组织表达分布及其与迟缓爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella tarda)感染相关性;最后分别通过原核表达获得N端和C端CRD区重组蛋白Bp Gal-8L-N和Bp Gal-8L-C,并采用玻片法观察这两个CRD区的细菌凝集活性和糖类结合特性。多重序列比对显示,Bp Gal-8L蛋白含有两个糖识别结构域(carbohydrate recognition domain,CRD),但只有C端的CRD区存在Gal家族典型的β-半乳糖苷糖类结合基序。系统进化树表明Bp Gal-8L属于鱼类Gal-8的一种亚型。q PCR结果显示,Bp Gal-8L基因m RNA在各组织中普遍表达,并且在迟缓爱德华氏菌感染后大弹涂鱼肝和脾中表达量呈上调趋势。细菌凝集实验结果显示,只有Bp Gal-8L-C重组蛋白对检测的5种革兰氏阴性菌及2种革兰氏阳性菌有凝集作用,并与乳糖和脂多糖特异性结合。综上所述,Bp Gal-8L与大弹涂鱼抗菌免疫密切相关,且其N端和C端CRD区发挥不同作用。  相似文献   

Bottom water temperature measurements in the South China Sea,eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean     

YANG Xiaoqiu  SHI Xiaobin  ZHAO Junfeng  YU Chuanhai  GAO Hongfang  CHEN Aihua  LU Yuanzheng  CEN Xianrong  LIN Weiren  ZENG Xin  XU Hehua  REN Ziqiang  ZHOU Shengqi  XU Ziying  SUN Jinlong  KAMIYA Nana  LIN Jian 《热带海洋学报》2018,(5)

文章报道了一批新的海底底水温度(BWT)数据,其中南海(SCS)158个站位、东印度洋(EIO)30个站位及西太平洋(WPO)37个站位。基于这批新的BWT数据,获得南海和西太平洋海域底水温度与水深经验关系,可为地球物理和物理海洋提供准确、可靠的海底温度边界。这将有助于海底油气资源调查与评估。同时,这批实测数据表明:1)水深超过3500m的海域,其底水温度在南海约为2.47℃,比东印度洋(～1.34℃)和西太平洋(～1.60℃)稍微偏高。这与大洋传送带模式所预测的情况比较吻合。该模式认为:低温高盐的海水,从北大西洋格陵兰岛和冰岛附近海域下沉到深层,然后向南流动,再与南极洲周围海域的低温高盐海水一同向北进入印度洋和太平洋。而南海是一个相对比较封闭的热带边缘海,其内部海水与印度洋和菲律宾海交换有限,导致海水温度整体高于印度洋和太平洋。2)台西南盆地水深在2700～3000m的部分站位,其底水温高达约3.00℃,明显高于其周边同水深海域底水温度(平均值约为2.33℃)。这可能是台西南盆地海底水热活动导致的结果。3)在东印度洋和西太平洋水深超过4800m海域,底水温度随着水压增大稍有升高,其升高率分别为10.6mK·MPa~(-1)和12.0mK·MPa~(-1)。这与理论估算的深层底水绝热压力温度梯度范围较为吻合。这也意味着东印度洋和西太平洋深层底水,主要由绝热自压作用导致其温度随着深度的增大而升高。  相似文献   

SWAN模型对实验室小尺度浅水波浪模拟研究     

时莹  梁书秀  孙昭晨 《海洋工程》2018,36(6):116-123

基于浅水斜坡地形的物理模型试验数据,考察SWAN模型对实验室小尺度浅水波浪的模拟效果,进而检验其浅水项的模拟精度。模拟中采用直接输入初始测点的实测海浪谱进行造波,重点考察浅水中三波相互作用和变浅破碎两个源项,对不同工况下,SWAN模式在水深条件变化下的有效波高、谱平均周期、海浪谱演化的模拟能力进行研究。研究表明:模拟的有效波高较符合实测波浪的增长和衰减,但谱平均周期计算值明显偏小;海浪谱的能量转移机制同实测有较大区别,频谱模拟结果出现高频高估、低频低估现象。对两个源项进行对比分析得出三波相互作用对海浪谱的能量转换影响远大于变浅破碎耗散。想要提高近岸区谱平均周期和海浪谱的模拟精度则SWAN模型中三波非线性项的计算精确度仍需更多研究和改进。  相似文献   

Stokes漂流对全球海表面温度模拟的影响     

肖林  史剑  蒋国荣  刘子龙  张成成 《海洋通报》2018,(1):55-87

Stokes漂流对海洋上混合层中的流场和温度场结构具有不可忽视的作用。本文基于WAVEWATCHⅢ海浪模式模拟的海浪要素计算得到Stokes漂流,将其引入SBPOM模式的动量方程中,从体积输运的角度研究Stokes漂流对全球海表面温度的影响。分析发现Stokes漂流与Stokes输运在全球呈现高纬度强于中低纬度的带状分布特征,且这种流动与输运对全球海表面温度具有降温作用,该降温作用的分布与全球Stokes输运强度相对应,高纬降温作用大于中低纬度,特别是南极绕极流海域平均降温明显大于其余海域,最大降温可达1.5℃,且全球月平均降温超过0.1℃。  相似文献   

海底管线冲刷悬空及其抑制技术研究综述     

杨少鹏  拾兵 《海洋科学》2018,42(3):121-130

海底管线作为海洋工程的重要组成部分,其安全性受到广泛关注。本文简单回顾了国内外学者通过物理实验、理论分析与数值模拟等方法研究海底管线冲刷悬空及防护问题的成果,并对工程中应用较广泛的防护方法的优缺点进行了简单对比,为该领域的进一步研究提供参考。  相似文献   

Sensitive and rapid detection of two toxic microalgae Alexandrium by loop-mediated isothermal amplification     

ZHANG Fengying  SHI Yanhong  JIANG Keji  XU Zhaoli  MA Lingbo 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(2):139-146

A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was designed and evaluated for rapid detection of the toxic microalgae Alexandrium catenella and A. minutum, which can produce paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). Two sets of four specific primers targeting these two species were derived from the sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA. The method worked well in less than an hour under isothermal conditions of 65℃. LAMP specificity was validated in closely related algae as a comparison, suggesting the strict specificity of the LAMP primers. Two visual inspection approaches were feasible to interpret the positive or negative results. The detection limits of A. catenella and A. minutum samples using the LAMP assay were found to be 5.6 and 4.5 pg DNA, respectively. The sensitivity of this LAMP assay was 10 or 100-fold higher than Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method in detecting the two microalgae. These characteristics of species specificity, sensitivity, and rapidity suggest that this method has the potentiality in the monitoring of red tide caused by A. catenella and A. minutum.  相似文献   

营养限制对三种浮游动物的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈蕾  李超伦  周孔霖  时永强  刘梦坛 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(4):58-68

Nutrient imbalance—a mismatch in nutrient ratios between the available food supply and the demands of consumers—has the potential to be transported up food chains,exposing zooplankton to nutrient limitations.In this study,the response of Calanus sinicus(copepod),Moina mongolica(cladocera),and Brachionus plicatilis(rotifer) to nutrient-limited(no-limited,P-limited,and N-limited) food were evaluated from the perspective of growth,reproduction,and stoichiometric homoeostasis.The results indicated that the growth of three species was suppressed under nutrient-limited(especially P-limited) conditions.However,the effect of nutrient limitations on their reproduction was species-specific.For C.sinicus,the dietary UFA(unsaturated fatty acid) as a major phospholipid component affected their egg production and total FA supporting energy promoted the hatchability of eggs.Furthermore,excess carbon in the diet promoted egg production but reduced hatching success.For M.mongolica,nutritional(P and UFA) and energy(total FA) support affected their fecundity.B.plicatilis fecundity exhibited the same pattern of growth(no-limitedN-limitedP-limited).In terms of stoichiometric homeostasis,B.plicatilis' s elemental compositions were less likely to be affected by nutrient limitations than M.mongolica.We suggest that the effects of nutrient imbalances could potentially become an evolutionary force affecting ecosystem structure and stability in eutrophic waters.  相似文献